Baking oven



June 14, 1932 1 BOBB1N ET AL, LSGBASZ BAKING0VEN Filed Dec. 20, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l Eig/.1. j

Patented June 14, 1932 UNITED stars T' OFFICE LOUIS BOBBIN, ABRAM SIMON AND NATHAN HENDERSON, OF TROY, NEW-YORK IBAKING OVEN Application med December 2o, 1930. serieu 110,503,848.

This inventionre'lates to an improvement in rbaking ovens, and more specifically to that typeoflarge bakers ovens which necessitate a supply of steam during the course of bak- 5 ang."

It isV an object of our invention to provide a novel form of steam generator, which is ofr simple but rugged construction. This novel steam generator is characterized by a m low initial cost of installation as well as by remarkably low costs of maintenance vand operation.

Another object of our invention is to provide'for 'a reliable indication of the thermal is conditions of the oven.

Another object of our invention is to provide an effective heat equalizer for the oven.

It is another object of our invention to provide a single element, which may be ease ilyadapted to any type of bake oven,v of either forced or natural draft, and which is capable lof performing the functions of a steaml generator, thermal indicator, and Vheat equalizer. Thisunit is as easily adapted to be disposed in a previously constructed oven as in one newly built.

The nature and advantages'of our invention will be better understood in the light of the following description of a preferred emobodiment thereof, when considered in conn nection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several views:

Figrl is a front elevation of the bake oven which 'embodies our invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the interior of a bake oven illustrated in Fig.y l, but with a right hand fire compartment, instead of a left hand one as indicated in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the element which constitutes the essence of our invention.v

Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views of Fig.

3 along line 4 4 and 5-5 respectively.

In the drawings, l represents the front wall of a conventional bakers oven. 2 rep-` resents the ring gate. The baking compartment is closed by gate 3, which may be of the Ypivoted type, as illustrated, or else of the vertically moving type, which is well' known in this art. The coal pocket 4e is provided for a convenient storage of fuel. Blower fan 5 is designed to give a forced draft throughthe chamber communicating with the grate 6. Gate 7 allows the periodic removal of the ashes. Pyrometer 8 is exposed to view at a convenient height for viewing the indication of the heat conditions in the interior of the oven.

The principal feature of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 2, and in morek detailed forms in Figs. 3 5, byelement 10, with the wing portion ll integral therewith. This unit serves as an effective guard member between the baking compartment l2 and the fire compartment above and surrounding the grate 6. We preferably cast this member of a metal, which gives thereto a high heat retentatively. We have found a semi-steel alloy with a substantial proportion of manganese therein, particularly suited for our pur poses, since such an alloy has proved not to buckle under service and not to scale overmuch. This membery is OE-set from the grate in order that it may not be exposed directly to the forced draft and reach an undesiredy red heat. It is the object of our invention to generate steam in the oven by spraying a jet of water uponthis member at periodic intervals, the frequency of which is determined by operating conditions. Our invention contemplates a spraying tube 30, suitably mounted adjacent the guard member,y

adapted to be continually or intermittently operated, in the interior of the oven. Also, as shown,l a source of water may conveniently be led to a flexible tube and nozzle attachment l5 adjacent the baking chamber gate. The gate 3 is opened and the spray is directed against the edge 13 of the steam generator. Suitable baille plates, if found necessary surround the gate opening to prevent the steam from issuing from the oven at that point. The member 10 is formed with a ledge 14e, which together with edge 13, forms a gutter or spout for the retention of the water that is not immediately evaporated. We have found such a spout particularly necessary at the-corner 16, at which point the Iwater'has a tendency to accumulate. For that reason,

we have designed the ledge portion at that point to be of a greater height, in order to more effectively retain the water that does not evaporate immediately. To insure that the water shall not overflow the ledge at this point, and do possible damage to the bread in the baking compartment, we have provided overlow apertures 18 which may be of any desired shape and number, in order that the water shall lead to the burning coals, where steam is generated thereby, without any harmful results.

The extremity of wing portion 11 is of slightly increased height than the rest of it. By virtue of this feature we obtain a larger abutting edge of this element against the edge of the furnace, thereby rendering the same more stable, as Well as preventing the coals that accumulate at that corner from falling over to the baking compartment.V Although we have shown portion 11 disposed at an obtuse angle relative to portion 10, we do not wish to be limited to such, since the construction of the oven will serve to determine the nature of these structural features.

Our device for generating steam offers many advantages over -the characteristic structures of the prior art for that function. We have eliminated the steam boiler and steam pipes with the attendant great costs of operation. Necessary shut-downs for steam pipe and boiler repairs are eliminated. No special attention need be given our steam generator. lIn fact it serves as an effective setter or heat equalizer, since its mass makes possible an efficient storage of heat between baking operations. rlhus the most economical use of the fuel is availed of since very little, if any, of the heat is wasted after the same is used for both the heating of the baking compartment and for the generation of the steam.

Element 10 lends itself to the eiiicient performance of another function. In ovens of the prior art it has been diiiicult to obtain a reliable thermal indication of the condition ofthe oven because of so called cold pockets and eddy currents. In the interior of element 10, we provide a recess 19 for the insertion of a heat responsive element, which may be of the thermocouple type, or else of the bimetallic type, and lead the same through a conduit 9, to the indicating instrument 8 on the exterior of the oven. The interior of element 10 does not fluctuate in its heat content. Thus a record of vthe heat at that point is a reliable one and truly indicative of the'aetual thermal condition of the oven. Aperture 19 may be sealed if desired.

It will be seen that we have provided a simple and effective` expedient in the bake oven art. While we have described our invention as embodied in 'a concrete form, it should be understood that our invention is not limited thereto, as various modications thereof will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of our invention, the scope of which is set forth in the annexed claims.

What we claim is:

1. In combination with a baking oven, a baking compartment, a fire compartment, a guard member disposed between said com'- partments comprising a heavy metal casting, an aperture extending into the interior of said casting and a thermal responsive element disposed in said aperture.

2. In combination with a baking oven, a baking compartment, a re compartment, a guard member disposed between said compartments comprising a heavy metal casting and an integral wing portion disposed angularly thereto, means for spraying water upon the edge of said heavy metal casting facing said baking compartment for the generation of steam in said oven, and a spout in the lower portion of the edge of the metal casting facing said baking compartment for the retention of non-evaporated water.

3. In combination with a baking oven, a baking compartment, a lire compartment, a guard member disposed between said com'- partments comprising a heavy metal casting and a wing portion disposed angularly thereto, means for spraying water upon the edge of said heavy metal casting for the generation of steam in said oven, a spout in the lower portion of the edge of the metal casting for the retention ofnon-evaporated water, said spout being deeper at the point of jointure of the wing -portion and the heavy casting, and apertures communicating from said deeper portion of said spout to said fire compartment.

4. In combination with a baking oven, a baking compartment, a lire compartment, a metallic guard member disposed between said compartments, one portion of said guard member beingformed yof a mass of metal of substantial thickness, a wing plate integral with saidfirst-mentioned portion extending-l in a plane substantially perpendicular to the floors of said compartments, and means for spraying Water upon the edge of said guard 'i l' of substantial thickness, a wing plate integral with said first-mentioned 'portion ex member being formed of a mass of metal tending in a plane substantially perpendicu-I A lar to the floors of said compartments,.and an apertiured water vtube adjacent said firstmentioned portion upon the vside thereof facing said baking compartmentfor directingY 'l LEV Water upon the edge of said guard member facing said baking compartment.

The foregoing specification signed at Troy, New York this 17th day of December, 1930.

f LOUIS BoBBIN.

ABRAM SIMON. NATHAN BENDERSON.

LID 

